Why are some species monogamous while others are polygamous? Why are males usually more ornamented than females? What makes one organism the hunter and... another the hunted? Why do some creatures stick together in groups while others prefer to go it alone? Can we talk of animal culture? Behavioural Ecology provides a fascinating insight into the evolutionary and ecological processes that underpin animal behaviour. Opening with an overview of the evolutionary and methodological framework of behavioural ecology, the book goes on to explore behaviours in terms of the selective pressures involved in their design. It addresses natural selection, sexual selection, and gene selection, before closing with an investigation of the human impact on behavioural ecology. Featuring chapters written by university teachers, each with research expertise in their respective fields, Behavioural Ecology has been molded by Danchin, Giraldeau, and Cezilly to be consistent while exhibiting the qualities of a multi-author book. Behavioural Ecology offers a fresh, contemporary account of a field re-invigorated by advances in the last decade, making it the ideal teaching and learning text.

How does an understanding of the behavior of a given animal species contribute to its conservation? The answer has profound consequences for our efforts... to conserve endangered species. Behaviour and Conservation links the extraordinary advances in behavioral ecology over the past thirty years with the new discipline of conservation biology. It shows how an evolutionary approach can help solve problems in practical conservation, and suggests a new direction for behavioral ecology. Leading authorities in animal behavior address the ways in which behavior and conservation interact, investigating the conservation impact of people, habitat loss and fragmentation, threats to wild populations of animals, conservation priorities and the use of behavioral approaches for conservation applications.

This new edition of one of the most popular and highly regarded texts on behavioral and social science in medicine has been fully revised and updated.... It is structured to reflect the latest Institute of Medicine recommendations on the teaching of behavioral and social sciences in medicine. Its 25 chapters are divided into five core domains: mind-body interactions in health and disease, patient behavior, the physician s role and behavior, physician-patient interactions, social and cultural issues in health care along with health policy and economics.Under the careful guidance and editing of Danny Wedding, PhD, Professor of Psychiatry in St. Louis, MO, and Margaret L. Stuber, MD, the Jane and Marc Nathanson Professor of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at UCLA, over 40 leading educators from major medical faculties have contributed to produce the most comprehensible and well-designed text in its field.Unique to Behavior and Medicine is the use of hundreds of works of art, poetry, and aphorisms to provoke thought and interest and to illuminate the most important points. Additional features of note are: * Practical, clinical emphasis, based around the core topics recommended by the Institute of Medicine * Comprehensive, trustworthy, and up-to-date * Competitive price compared to other much less comprehensive, question-andanswer- type, course review works * Chapters written and carefully edited by leading educators at major medical facilities * Numerous case examples, tables, charts, and boxes for quick access to information * Learning and exam aids, such as sample USMLE review questions * New chapters on medical ethics and the United States health care systemA unique textbook, comprehensive and up-to-date, with a practical, clinical emphasis and a structure that is ideally suited for teaching behavioral sciences in the medical school classroom.

Behemoth, or The Long Parliament is essential to any reader interested in the historical context of the thought of Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679). In De Cive... (1642) and Leviathan (1651), the great political philosopher had developed an analytical framework for discussing sedition, rebellion, and the breakdown of authority. Behemoth, completed around 1668 and not published until after Hobbe's death, represents the systematic application of this framework to the English Civil War.In his insightful and substantial Introduction, Stephen Holmes examines the major themes and implications of Behemoth in Hobbes's system of thought. Holmes notes that a fresh consideration of Behemoth dispels persistent misreadings of Hobbes, including the idea that man is motivated solely by a desire for self-preservation. Behemoth, which is cast as a series of dialogues between a teacher and his pupil, locates the principal cause of the Civil War less in economic interests than in the stubborn irrationality of key actors. It also shows more vividly than any of Hobbe's other works the importance of religion in his theories of human nature and behavior.

This unique text provides accurate descriptions of prisons and prison life, written by a prisoner sentenced to life, who uses the pseudonym "K. C.... Carceral" to hide his identity for protection. With the assistance of editors Thomas Bernard, Leanne F. Alarid, Bruce Bikle, and Alene Bikle, this book presents a gripping, and often graphic, portrayal of life in prison. This narrative presentation of such topics as prison violence, friendships, sexual mores, and serving time includes graphic language and situations. Through the powerful personal experiences of the author, readers are better equipped to develop informed opinions about the American prison system.

Six years before she wrote Little Women, Louisa May Alcott, in financial straits, entered "Pauline's Passion and Punishment," a novelette, in a... newspaper contest. Not only did it win the $100 prize, but, published anonymously, it marked the first in the series of "blood & thunder tales" that would be her livelihood for years. In Behind a Mask, editor Madeleine Stern introduces four Alcott thrillers: "Pauline's Passion and Punishment," "The Mysterious Key," "The Abbot's Ghost," and the title story, "Behind a Mask." First published in one volume in 1975, they are regarded as Alcott's finest work in this genre.

Behind Bars: Readings on Incarcerated Life provides an insider's view of the prison experience. Seeking to answer the question "what is it really... like to be a prison inmate?" this book presents easy to read, timely and diverse overviews of many of the most critical aspects of correctional culture and life. The readings in the book are organized into broad categories that emphasize the range of major goals and tasks involved in prisons. Special attention is devoted to ensuring a diversity of views and a diversity of experiences in the issues and readings presented. Also includes broad coverage of psychological adaptations of inmates, relationships inside prison, substance use/abuse, violence, health care and media portrayals of the prison experience. For those interested in learning more about prison life.

A judge hands down a stretch in a local, state, or federal prison. It's time for some serious life lessons. With the crime rates soaring in the United... States and the prison population growing faster than at any time in American history, staying alive and well -- both mentally and physically -- is tougher than ever.

Behind Bars is the indispensable reference book for composers, arrangers, teachers and students of composition, editors, and music processors. In the... most thorough and painstakingly researched book to be published since the 1980s, specialist music editor Elaine Gould provides a comprehensive grounding in notational principles. Behind Bars covers everything from basic rules, conventions and themes to complex instrumental techniques, empowering the reader to prepare music with total clarity and precision. With the advent of computer technology, it has never been more important for musicians to have ready access to principles of best practice in this dynamic field, and this book will support the endeavors of software users and devotees of hand-copying alike. The author's understanding of, and passion for, her subject has resulted in a book that is not only practical but also compellingly readable. This seminal and all-encompassing guide encourages new standards of excellence and accuracy and, at a weighty 704 pages, it is supported by 1,500 music examples of published scores from Bach to Xenakis. Chapters include: Section I - General * Conventions: Ground Rules * Chords Dotted notes Ties * Accidentals and Key Signatures * Dynamics and Articulation * Grace Notes, Arpeggiated Chords, Trills, Glissandos and Vibrato * Metre * Tuplets * Repeat Signs. Section II - Idiomatic Notation: Woodwind and Brass * Percussion * Keyboard * Harp * Classical Guitar * Strings * Vocal Music. Section III - Layout and Presentation: Preparing Materials * Score Layout * Part Preparation * Electroacoustic Music * Freedom and Choice.

In this brilliant new work, Amanda Vickery unlocks the homes of Georgian England to examine the lives of the people who lived there. Writing with her... customary wit and verve, she introduces us to men and women from all walks of life: gentlewoman Anne Dormer in her stately Oxfordshire mansion, bachelor clerk and future novelist Anthony Trollope in his dreary London lodgings, genteel spinsters keeping up appearances in two rooms with yellow wallpaper, servants with only a locking box to call their own.Vickery makes ingenious use of upholsterer’s ledgers, burglary trials, and other unusual sources to reveal the roles of house and home in economic survival, social success, and political representation during the long eighteenth century. Through the spread of formal visiting, the proliferation of affordable ornamental furnishings, the commercial celebration of feminine artistry at home, and the currency of the language of taste, even modest homes turned into arenas of social campaign and exhibition.

With an ear for dialogue that may be compared to Tillie Olsen, Grace Paley, and Ernest Hemingway, Sicilian writer Maria Messina presents the captivating... and brutal realities of women living in early-twentieth-century Italy in this first collection of her work available in English. Behind Closed Doors portrays the habits and gestures, the words spoken and those left unsaid, of individuals caught between the traditions they respect and a desire to ease the social restrictions in their lives. Messina’s stories reveal a world in which women are shuttered in their houses, virtual servants to their families, and working men immigrate to the United States in fortune-seeking droves. It is also a world of unstated privileges in which habits and implied commands perpetuate women’s servitude.A cultural album that captures the lives of peasant, working-class, and middle-class women, this volume will appeal to millions of Italian descendants and readers everywhere fascinated by Italian history. Maria Messina (1887–1944) wrote short stories, children’s tales, and novels about her native Sicily until she died of multiple sclerosis. In recent years, her work has been rediscovered in Italy, where she has been compared to Luigi Pirandello and Giovanni Verga. Fred Gardaphe is the director of Italian American Studies at the State University of New York at Stony Brook and the president of MELUS (The Society for the Study of the Multi-Ethnic Literature of the US). Elise Magistro holds a doctorate in Italian from UCLA and is a lecturer in Italian at Scripps College in Claremont, California.

Although the subject of federally mandated Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) has been extensively debated, we actually do not know much about what... takes place when they convene. The story of how IRBs work today is a story about their past as well as their present, and Behind Closed Doors is the first book to meld firsthand observations of IRB meetings with the history of how rules for the treatment of human subjects were formalized in the United States in the decades after World War II. Drawing on extensive archival sources, Laura Stark reconstructs the daily lives of scientists, lawyers, administrators, and research subjects working—and “warring”—on the campus of the National Institutes of Health, where they first wrote the rules for the treatment of human subjects. Stark argues that the model of group deliberation that gradually crystallized during this period reflected contemporary legal and medical conceptions of what it meant to be human, what political rights human subjects deserved, and which stakeholders were best suited to decide. She then explains how the historical contingencies that shaped rules for the treatment of human subjects in the postwar era guide decision making today—within hospitals, universities, health departments, and other institutions in the United States and across the globe. Meticulously researched and gracefully argued, Behind Closed Doors will be essential reading for sociologists and historians of science and medicine, as well as policy makers and IRB administrators.

Great management is difficult to see as it occurs. It's possible to see the results of great management, but it's not easy to see how managers achieve... those results. Great management happens in one-on-one meetings and with other managers---all in private. It's hard to learn management by example when you can't see it. You can learn to be a better manager---even a great manager---with this guide. You'll follow along as Sam, a manager just brought on board, learns the ropes and deals with his new team over the course of his first eight weeks on the job. From scheduling and managing resources to helping team members grow and prosper, you'll be there as Sam makes it happen. You'll find powerful tips covering: Delegating effectively Using feedback and goal-setting Developing influence Handling one-on-one meetings Coaching and mentoring Deciding what work to do---and what not to do ...and more. Full of tips and practical advice on the most important aspects of management, this is one of those books that can make a lasting and immediate impact on your career.

Certain to become one of the most comprehensive accounts of the mental health issues affecting today's youth, popular speaker Ross Szabo's guide helps... young people to address their problems, and aids adults in understanding them as well.

Human error is cited over and over as a cause of incidents and accidents. The result is a widespread perception of a 'human error problem,' and... solutions are thought to lie in changing the people or their role in the system. For example, we should reduce the human role with more automation, or regiment human behavior by stricter monitoring, rules or procedures. But in practice, things have proved not to be this simple. The label 'human error' is prejudicial and unspecific, and any serious examination of the human contribution to safety and to system failure shows that the story of human error is markedly complex. This book takes you behind the human error label. Divided into five parts, it begins by summarising the most significant research results. Part 2 explores how a changing understanding of accidents and an embracing of systems thinking has radically impacted ideas about human error. Part 3 explains the role of normal cognitive system factors (knowledge, mindset, and goals) in operating safely at the sharp end. Part 4 studies how the clumsy use of computer technology can increase the potential for erroneous actions and assessments in all kinds of fields of practice. And Part 5 tells how the hindsight bias always enters into attributions of error, and that human error is a mere label, the result of a social and psychological judgment process rather than a matter of objective fact that we can count, tabulate, punish or eliminate. If you think you have a human error problem, recognize that the label itself is no explanation and no guide to countermeasures. The potential for constructive change, for progress on safety, lies behind the human error label.